The first and least expensive are the Oxygenators. Planted in baskets at the bottom of the pond they contribute more to the pond's mini eco-system than any other aquatic plant species, as well as providing vital oxygen they starve the algae of the mineral salts it needs to grow. the mature bunches also create places for the female fish to spawn and fish fry to hide to avoid predators. they should be planted at a ratio of one bunch per square foot of surface area.

Marginal Plants such as Lobelia Cardinalis, Marsh Marigold, Iris Laevigata, Mimulus, Mentha and Water Forget Me Nots can be planted in baskets on the marginal shelf around your pond. Choose varieties which flower at different time of the year to provide colour throughout the season

To provide interest and vital shade for your fish Floating Plants can be introduced. Try to cover approximately 50 - 70% of the surface area with varieties such as Fairy Moss, Water Lettuce or Water Hyacinth. You only need to start with a small portion as these varieties multiply rapidly. 

Finally we come to the undisputed king of the aquatic world the Water Lily. These splendid plants bloom in a variety of colours and sizes and can vary in price from a few ponds to many thousands for specimen plants. Varieties with exotic names such as Charles de Meurville, Escarboucle, Gladstoniana and Colonel Welch to name but a few are available from your local aquatic retailer. They will only grow in still water away from your fountain or waterfall and should be planted at depth of 45cm (18")

Let your plants settle down in the pond for at least four weeks before you introduce your fish. For new ponds introduce the fish at the rate of 2.5cm (1in) of fish per square foot of surface area. This can be increased to 5cm (2in) per square foot in established ponds. Start with small fish and you will have the pleasure of watching them grow.

• Pond management
• Watergarden calendar